1 Scope

This standard specifies the main biological characteristics, growth and reproduction, genetic characteristics, and testing methods of the new variety of sea cucumber "Anyuan 1".

This standard is applicable to the germplasm testing and identification of the new variety of sea cucumber "Anyuan 1".

2 Normative reference documents

The provisions in the following documents constitute the provisions of this standard by reference. Any reference document with a date is not suitable for this standard in its subsequent modification orders (excluding errata) or revised versions. However, it is encouraged that all parties who have reached agreements based on this standard can study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. The latest version of any referenced document without a date is applicable to this standard.

GB/T 18654.1-2008 Germplasm Inspection of Cultivated Fish Part 1: Inspection Rules

GB/T 18654.2-2008 Germplasm testing of farmed fish Part 2: Sampling methods

GB/T 18654.12-2008 Germplasm testing of farmed fish Part 12: Chromosomal karyotype analysis

GB/T 18654.13-2008 Germplasm testing of farmed fish Part 13: Isoenzyme electrophoresis analysis

3 Names and classifications

4.1 Product Name

Sea Cucumber "Anyuan 1"

4.2 Scientific name

Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka).

4.3 Classification Location

Phylum Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, Aspidochirotida, Stichopodae Haeckel (1986), Apostichopus Liao (1980).

4 Main biological characteristics

5.1 External morphology

5.1.1 The body is cylindrical, with a raised back, and the surface is brown, black brown, or yellow brown, slightly darker in color than the Chinese population,. The length of adult ginseng is generally 20 cm to 40 cm. The mouth is in the front, leaning towards the abdomen, and the anus is in the back, leaning towards the back. There are 20 protruding tentacles around the mouth. The wart feet (thorns) on the body surface are arranged in a relatively regular six rows (six rows of thorns). The number of obvious thorns in each row of the adult body reaches 6-8 or more, generally protruding with an average of 45 or more thorns. The wart feet are longer in length, with a pointed and slender end, and the bone fragments are mainly in a table shape.

5.1.2 The external morphology of the sea cucumber "Anyuan 1" is shown in the figure

4.2 Internal structural features

4.2.1 Body wall

Composed of stratum corneum, epidermis, connective tissue, and numerous small bone fragments.

4.2.2 Muscle layer

Composed of circular and longitudinal muscles, the outer layer is circular muscle, the inner layer is longitudinal muscle, and there are 5 bundles of longitudinal muscles.

4.2.3 Digestive system

Composed of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, and excretory cavity.

4.2.4 Circulating system

Composed of blood vessels, sinuses, and the surrounding blood system, the blood is transparent and light brown in color.

4.2.5 Lime ring

There is a lime ring around the pharynx consisting of 5 rays and 5 interstitial rays.

4.2.6 Burley's capsule

The body has a round, oval, or long bottle shaped Boris sac..

5 Reproduction

5.1 Age of sexual maturity

Dioecious, both female and male individuals mature sexually at around 2 years of age.

5.2 Development of reproductive glands and types of spawning

The gonads of sexually mature individuals mature once a year; To mature in batches and lay eggs multiple times.

5.3 Ovulation volume

Mature female ginseng can ovulate 1-3 times, with a general egg production of 1-2 million, and larger individuals can produce over 10 million eggs.

5 Genetic characteristics

6.1 Cytogenetic characteristics

The somatic chromosome of sea cucumber "Anyuan 1" is 2 fold, 2n=46.

6.2 Molecular genetic characteristics

6.2.1 Microsatellite loci

The PCR amplification polymorphism maps of five microsatellite loci in the sea cucumber "Anyuan 1" are shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5.

Five pairs of microsatellite primers amplified a total of 16 alleles in the population, with 2-4 alleles detected at each microsatellite locus. The average observed heterozygosity of the population is 0.6900, and the polymorphic information content is 0.4557.

6 Testing methods

6.1 Character determination

According to the provisions of GB/T 18654.1-2008 and GB/T 18654.2-2008.

6.2 Chromosome detection

According to the provisions of GB/T 18654.12-2008.

7 Result determination

All measurement results should be comprehensively judged and executed in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 18654.1-2008.